Vanguard High Net Worth

Vanguard implements advanced investment strategies and provides customized solutions to address the unique needs of high-net-worth individuals. With a focus on long-term value and stability, Vanguard’s services emphasize personalized wealth management and a comprehensive approach to financial planning. Leveraging its vast resources and market expertise, Vanguard effectively supports high-net-worth clients in achieving their investment goals, ensuring the growth and preservation of their assets.

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Vanguard Review 2024: Pros and Cons

Vanguard has long been recognized as a leader in low-cost investing, which proves particularly beneficial for retirement savers. Minimizing fees is crucial in growing long-term wealth, and Vanguard’s focus on cost-efficiency helps investors achieve substantially higher returns over time. The company’s structure offers significant advantages, especially to those who adopt a buy-and-hold strategy, which involves purchasing assets and holding them over an extended period.

This aligns well with Vanguard’s low-fee mutual funds and ETFs, which are popular choices for retirement savers. Investors seeking low-cost, diversified investment options often turn to Vanguard’s retirement funds or its broad-market index funds, making it an attractive choice for those aiming to minimize expenses and build wealth for the long haul.

However, Vanguard’s appeal may diminish for beginner investors and active traders. Despite offering $0 stock trading commissions, which attracts a wide audience, Vanguard’s trading platform is not as competitive or sophisticated as those offered by other brokers catering to active traders. For users who require real-time data, advanced charting tools, and the ability to execute fast, sophisticated trades, Vanguard’s platform might feel less intuitive, which could be a significant drawback for traders who rely on technical analysis and frequent market movement exploitation.

Additionally, Vanguard offers fewer educational resources for new investors compared to other platforms. While some brokers provide webinars, interactive courses, and real-time coaching, Vanguard’s educational offerings are more limited. This lack of support may be intimidating for novice investors, as strong educational resources can help break down barriers for those new to investing.

While Vanguard remains an excellent choice for low-cost, long-term investing, it may not meet the needs of everyone in the market. Active traders and beginners looking for more robust trading tools and educational support may seek out alternatives that offer these additional features. Vanguard’s strengths in cost-effectiveness don’t necessarily appeal to those whose strategies demand more advanced features and resources.

Pros and Cons

Pros and Cons

Pros

  • Extensive selection of mutual funds
  • No commissions on stocks, options, and ETF trades
  • Pioneers in offering low-cost funds
  • Competitive interest rates on uninvested cash balances
  • Superior quality in order execution

Pros

Extensive Selection of Mutual Funds
Vanguard offers over 190 U.S.-based mutual funds designed to meet the diverse needs of investors. From sector-specific funds to index funds and a mix of active and passive strategies for both stocks and bonds, Vanguard’s offerings provide a diversified investment approach that aligns with a range of financial goals, risk tolerances, and investment timelines. Vanguard’s funds are known for their outstanding track record, experienced management, and low fees, making them an excellent choice for investors seeking long-term growth across various market sectors and asset classes.

No Commissions on Stocks, Options, and ETF Trades
Vanguard offers commission-free stock and option trades, matching the quality of ETFs. This creates a low-cost environment for investors, particularly active traders or those looking to diversify without accumulating significant transaction costs. Eliminating commissions can significantly improve an investor’s overall return, especially for frequent traders or those managing large portfolios where transaction fees can quickly add up.

Pioneers in Offering Low-Cost Funds
Vanguard has built a strong reputation for providing low-cost investment funds, focusing on reducing investor costs to enhance returns. With a low expense ratio, their mutual and index funds are attractive to cost-conscious investors who prioritize keeping more of their returns. This focus on affordability enables investors to achieve better net performance and build long-term wealth, which is why both institutional and individual investors prefer Vanguard’s low-cost funds.

Competitive Interest Rates on Uninvested Cash Balances
Vanguard offers competitive interest rates on cash balances that are not actively invested in the market. This is particularly beneficial for investors holding large cash reserves as part of their investment strategy, ensuring liquidity while generating income. High-interest rates on uninvested funds can significantly increase overall returns, especially in volatile or bearish market conditions when investors prefer to hold more cash.

Superior Quality in Order Execution
Vanguard prides itself on executing orders quickly and at the most favorable prices. Superior execution quality minimizes slippage—the difference between an expected price and the actual price of a trade—ensuring that active traders, especially those dealing in larger volumes, achieve the best possible outcomes. High-quality execution is crucial for maximizing returns and enhancing investment satisfaction.

Cons

  • Only offers a basic trading platform
  • Provides limited research and data resources

Cons

Only Offers a Basic Trading Platform
Vanguard’s trading platform is simple and user-friendly, which makes it ideal for buy-and-hold, long-term investors. However, it lacks the advanced tools and features preferred by active traders, such as complex charting, algorithmic trading, and customization options. While its simplicity is an advantage for beginners or investors with straightforward strategies, it may not meet the needs of more experienced traders who require detailed analytics to guide their decisions. Provides Limited Research and Data Resources
Vanguard’s research offerings are more basic compared to other brokerages that cater to active traders. It includes essential stock and fund data, market overviews, and some third-party research, but lacks in-depth, sophisticated analysis. For investors who require detailed, real-time market analysis or more comprehensive research to inform their trading decisions, Vanguard may fall short. Investors seeking advanced market insights may prefer a platform with more robust research tools.

Compared to Similar Brokers

Feature

Vanguard

Charles Schwab

Interactive Brokers IBKR Lite

J.P. Morgan Self-Directed Investing

Fees

$0 per trade

$0 per online equity trade

$0 per trade

$0 per trade

Account Minimum

$0

$0

$0

$0

Promotion

No promotion available at this time

No promotion available at this time

No promotion available at this time

Get up to $700 when you open and fund a JPMorgan Self-Directed Investing account with qualifying new money.

Where Vanguard shines


Large Mutual Fund Selection
Vanguard offers a broad selection of over 3,500 no-transaction-fee mutual funds, allowing investors to buy and sell shares without additional costs. These funds range from traditional mutual funds to a diverse variety of proprietary funds and ETFs, including those that focus on socially responsible investing. These ESG (environmental, social, and governance) funds cater to investors seeking to align their financial goals with ethical or social values. Vanguard’s extensive range of low-cost, socially responsible investment options enables it to meet the growing demand for investments that reflect both personal and financial aspirations.

Leader in Low-Cost Funds
Vanguard has established itself as a leader in low-cost investing, particularly with its index funds and ETFs, which have some of the lowest expense ratios in the industry. This cost-effective approach is a cornerstone of Vanguard’s philosophy, helping investors retain more of their returns, which can compound over time. This makes Vanguard an attractive choice for long-term investors with buy-and-hold strategies, who value low fees combined with a vast array of funds.

By prioritizing cost efficiency, Vanguard not only enhances the potential for higher net returns but also stands out as the best choice for individuals looking to maximize investment earnings over the long term. Vanguard’s commitment to affordability and value has made it synonymous with high-quality, low-cost investing in the financial community.

Where Vanguard falls short

Trading Platform

Vanguard’s trading platform prioritizes simplicity and ease of use, making it ideal for beginners or casual investors. However, it is not designed for serious traders who require advanced tools. The platform lacks the comprehensive analytical and educational resources offered by many other brokers, such as interactive charting software, technical analysis features, and real-time data feeds—tools that active traders rely on to make quick, informed decisions based on current market trends. This absence of capabilities is a significant limitation for individuals who want to engage in more in-depth stock trading or require detailed analytics to guide their investment strategies.

Investment minimums

Vanguard imposes relatively high investment minimums, with most retirement funds requiring at least $1,000 and other funds demanding $3,000. While these minimums are designed to encourage serious investment commitment and align with the fund’s management strategy, they may be too steep for beginner investors who do not have substantial capital to invest. In a financial landscape where many other platforms offer lower or no minimum investment requirements, these higher thresholds could be a barrier for new investors seeking more accessible ways to build their portfolios. For those just starting out or with limited funds, Vanguard’s investment minimums might prompt them to consider more accommodating alternatives.

Where Vanguard is best

Long-Term or Retirement Investors
Vanguard is highly recommended for investors focused on long-term wealth growth and retirement planning. With its commitment to low-cost investing and a broad selection of index funds and ETFs, Vanguard stands out for individuals seeking steady investment growth with minimal fees and diversified portfolios. The firm’s offerings align particularly well with retirement goals, offering a variety of target-date retirement funds that automatically adjust the asset mix as the retirement date approaches. This hands-off approach helps ensure the portfolio is adjusted according to the investor’s changing risk tolerance and retirement timeline, making Vanguard an ideal choice for retirement-focused investors.

Investors Seeking Low-Cost Options
Vanguard is a leader in low-cost investing, making it the platform of choice for cost-sensitive investors. With low fees directly tied to higher net returns, Vanguard’s client-owned structure ensures that its fee-reduction focus works in the best interest of its clients. This results in some of the lowest expense ratios across a wide range of investment funds, helping investors retain more of their gains and accelerate wealth accumulation over time. For those prioritizing low-cost solutions, Vanguard provides a solid foundation for sustainable investment growth.

Index Fund and ETF Investors
Vanguard is synonymous with a wide range of low-priced index funds and ETFs, offering diverse market access to its investors. Index funds and ETFs are favored by investors looking to achieve returns that track broader market segments without incurring high fees associated with active management. Vanguard’s products have historically delivered strong returns with low volatility, making them particularly attractive to passive investors. Additionally, Vanguard provides a variety of customizable products that align with different risk tolerance levels, further enhancing its appeal to those looking for cost-effective and diversified investment solutions.

Vanguard at a glance

Account minimum$0; however, some fund minimums start at $1,000.
Stock trading costs$0
Options trades$0 + $1 per contract.
Interest rate on uninvested cash5.27%.
Account fees (annual, transfer, closing, inactivity)No closing, inactivity, or transfer fees. $20 annual account service fee for all brokerage accounts and IRAs. Waived for clients who sign up for statement e-delivery.
Number of no-transaction-fee mutual fundsMore than 3,400 funds from outside providers and 191 Vanguard funds charge no transaction fees.
Tradable securities• Stocks. • Bonds. • Mutual funds. • ETFs. • Options.
Trading platformBasic trading platform.
Mobile appTrade mutual funds, ETFs, and stocks; monitor account activity and analyze performance; follow market news and research investments.
Research and dataAverage quality but free.
Customer support options (includes how easy it is to find key details on the website)Phone support Monday-Friday, 8 a.m.-8 p.m. Eastern; email support.

More about Vanguard’s ratings

Account Minimum: 5 out of 5 stars
One of the standout features of Vanguard is that there is no required minimum balance to open an account. With $0 required to get started, Vanguard offers its investment products to individuals of various sizes, making it accessible to those just starting out with minimal funds or even those simply exploring the platform before committing to significant investments. However, while you can open an account with no funds, most of Vanguard’s mutual funds do have minimum investment amounts, typically starting at $1,000. These minimums are designed to ensure efficient management and strategic control over the funds. The appeal here lies in Vanguard’s long-term focus, encouraging investors to make a commitment to savings and investment.

Stock Trading Costs: 5 out of 5 stars
Vanguard has embraced the broader industry trend of eliminating stock trading commissions, putting it on par with other competitive platforms. The absence of commissions is especially advantageous for active traders or those looking to diversify their portfolios, as it minimizes additional costs that would otherwise eat into potential returns. This fee structure is in line with Vanguard’s vision of lowering barriers to regular trading, making it an attractive option for those who seek low-cost market access.

Options Trades: 2 out of 5 stars
Vanguard offers commission-free options trading, which seems like a significant cost advantage, but there is a $1 contract charge per trade. This charge is higher compared to other brokers, which could be a deterrent for active options traders who conduct numerous trades. However, Vanguard provides perks for high-net-worth investors, offering 25 free options trades per year for those with $1 million to $5 million invested and up to 100 free trades per year for investors with more than $5 million in assets. This tiered benefit demonstrates Vanguard’s appeal to affluent investors.

Account Fees: 5 out of 5 stars
Vanguard’s fee structure is straightforward and investor-friendly, with no fees for account closure, transfer, or inactivity. This eliminates many of the common charges seen at other brokerages, allowing investors to retain more of their returns. While Vanguard charges a $20 annual account service fee for all brokerage accounts and IRAs, this fee can be waived by choosing electronic delivery of statements. This move not only saves money but also encourages greener, more sustainable practices, making the process more efficient and cost-effective for clients.

Interest Rate on Uninvested Cash: 5 out of 5 stars
Vanguard offers competitive interest rates on uninvested cash, with its Federal Money Market Fund yielding 5.27% as of August 31, 2023. This rate is highly competitive in the brokerage space and provides investors with an opportunity to earn returns on cash that would otherwise be idle. By parking funds in this high-interest rate account, Vanguard helps investors maximize their cash holdings, ensuring that capital is not just secure but also working for them.

Number of No-Transaction-Fee Mutual Funds: 4 out of 5 stars
Vanguard is a leader in low-cost investing, with a vast array of no-transaction-fee mutual funds. Investors have access to over 3,500 non-Vanguard funds and 191 Vanguard funds that don’t carry transaction fees, which are lower than the industry average. The company also offers Admiral Shares, which come with even lower expense ratios, providing an additional cost-saving opportunity for investors with large account balances. Vanguard’s commitment to low fees is a major draw for long-term investors.

Tradable Securities Available: 3 out of 5 stars
Vanguard offers a wide selection of tradable assets, including stocks, mutual funds, ETFs, options, and bonds. The platform also offers fixed-income investments, such as Treasury bills and municipal bonds, catering to those looking for a more stable, income-generating portfolio. However, Vanguard doesn’t provide access to all trading options, such as forex or futures, which may make it less appealing to more active traders seeking a diverse array of assets.

Trading Platform: 2.5 out of 5 stars
Vanguard’s platform is user-friendly but very basic. It’s suited for long-term investors rather than active traders who need advanced features like real-time data, technical analysis, and IPO access. The platform lacks some of the sophisticated tools available at other brokers, making it less ideal for traders looking for speed and in-depth analytics. However, once an account is set up, Vanguard offers robust performance, with a high execution quality rate of 99.2%, which adds value for investors focused on long-term gains.

Who Should Choose Vanguard Personal Advisor?

Robo-advisors generally fall into two categories: light-touch and heavy-touch services. Light-touch robo-advisors, such as Vanguard Digital Advisor, are known for their low minimum balance requirements, fully automated investment processes, and minimal fees, making them ideal for entry-level investors looking for a simple, hands-off approach.

On the other end of the spectrum, heavy-touch robo-advisors provide more personalized services, such as access to live financial advisors and custom investment strategies, but these services come with higher minimum balance requirements and additional fees. Vanguard Personal Advisor is a prime example of this heavier-touch model, offering both automated advisory services and access to real human financial consultants.

To open a Vanguard Personal Advisor account, a minimum of $50,000 in investable assets is required. These assets can include funds from other Vanguard accounts, such as brokerage accounts or individual retirement accounts (IRAs), which are used to meet the $50,000 requirement. The service charges an annual advisory fee of 0.30%, with reduced fees for larger asset pools.

While the $50,000 minimum investment requirement may be a barrier for newer investors, the competitive fee structure makes Vanguard Personal Advisor a compelling option for those seeking a sophisticated robo-advisor with personalized human guidance. The 0.30% advisory fee is particularly attractive compared to similar services like Personal Capital or Betterment Premium, where fees can be about double that amount.

Vanguard Personal Advisor

Vanguard Personal Advisor is tailored for emerging affluent investors who are in the process of building substantial savings and need expert guidance for long-term financial planning. This service provides personalized financial advice, covering both current financial needs and future goals, while crafting a tailored financial plan to guide your investment strategies. Although the service requires a minimum investment of $50,000, this is significantly lower than the minimums many traditional financial advisors set, making it a more accessible option for individuals just beginning to accumulate wealth.

In addition, Vanguard Personal Advisor offers significant cost savings compared to traditional financial advisors and even some of the leading competitors in the industry. Its fee structure is approximately 25% lower than Betterment Premium and about one-third of the cost of Personal Capital. While these competitors offer valuable services, Vanguard’s lower cost ensures that more of your money remains invested, promoting greater long-term financial growth.

Vanguard Digital Advisor

Vanguard Digital Advisor provides a fully digital advisory service with a targeted annual net advisory fee of 0.15% across your enrolled accounts. However, actual fees may vary depending on the assets held within each account. The service begins with a 0.20% annual gross advisory fee for managing Vanguard Brokerage Accounts. This fee is offset by credits from revenues earned by Vanguard or its affiliates from the securities in your portfolio, specifically including the portion of the expense ratios from Vanguard funds that Vanguard or its affiliates receive.

The net advisory fee can also differ based on the type of enrolled account. For Vanguard Brokerage Accounts, the total combined cost, including the net advisory fee and the expense ratios of the Vanguard funds in your managed portfolio, amounts to 0.20%. This and other critical information are included in Form CRS and the brochure titled “Vanguard Digital Advisor.”

Vanguard Personal Advisor Services Pros and Cons

Pros

  • Provides both fiduciary advisory services and robo-advisor capabilities.
  • Offers a variety of portfolio choices.
  • Includes an option for environmentally and socially responsible investing (ESG).
  • Features automated tax-loss harvesting.

Cons

  • Requires a high minimum account balance of $50,000.
  • Lacks offerings in individual stocks, bonds, cryptocurrencies, and options.

An integral advantage of Vanguard Personal Advisor Services is the ability to work with certified fiduciary advisors. These advisors provide expert guidance to help you maximize investment returns, target your goals, and manage portfolio performance. You can seek advice from an advisor on various topics, including:

  • Prioritizing your financial goals
  • Strategies for tax optimization
  • Managing healthcare expenses
  • Handling debt effectively
  • Planning retirement spending
  • Coping with unexpected financial demands

Additionally, Vanguard Personal Advisor Services include tax-loss harvesting, which involves selling securities, such as stocks, ETFs, or mutual funds, at a loss to offset capital gains realized in your portfolio. This strategy helps reduce tax liability and increases overall investment returns.

How Vanguard Personal Advisor Works

objectives risks charges expenses

Getting started with Vanguard Personal Advisor begins with a questionnaire about your financial situation. This initial questionnaire takes about 15 minutes to complete and asks simple questions about your marital status, desired retirement age, current earnings, expenses, risk tolerance, and the amount of money you would like to invest. These answers form the foundation for creating a customized investment strategy.

The strategy may also take into account other investments, such as a 401(k) account, IRA, or a 529 education savings plan for your children or grandchildren. This holistic approach helps Vanguard Financial Advisors view the bigger picture of all your assets and provide specific advice aimed at meeting your financial goals.

After completing the questionnaire and linking your external financial accounts, Vanguard will require you to meet with a financial advisor. During this consultation, the advisor will assess your current financial situation and clarify the milestones you need to reach. Using Vanguard’s advanced technology, your advisor will build an investment portfolio tailored to your specific needs and aspirations.

For clients with investment amounts between $50,000 and $500,000, you’ll have access to a group of financial advisors, though none may advise you on a continuous basis. For investments exceeding $500,000, you’ll be assigned a dedicated personal advisor who will handle your financial planning.

It’s important to note that all of Vanguard’s financial advisors are fiduciaries, meaning they are legally bound to act in your best interest. They do not receive commissions from the recommendations they make, ensuring their advice is unbiased and focused solely on what is best for you. Your portfolio will be managed by Vanguard Personal Advisors as long as you remain a client, with the company’s ethos centered on putting your financial well-being first.

How Vanguard Personal Advisor Invests Your Money

vanguard advisers

Vanguard Personal Advisor exclusively uses Vanguard’s own exchange-traded funds (ETFs) to construct investment portfolios that align with each client’s unique risk tolerance and financial goals. Based on your personal investment profile, your assets may be allocated across four or five different funds. For instance, a middle-aged client with a moderate risk tolerance might be recommended a portfolio that includes the following four specific ETFs:

  • VTI (Total Stock Market ETF), with an expense ratio of 0.03%
  • VXUS (Total International Stock ETF), with an expense ratio of 0.07%
  • BND (Total Bond Market ETF), with an expense ratio of 0.03%
  • BNDX (International Bond ETF), with an expense ratio of 0.07%

Investors can further diversify by incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) funds or opting for Vanguard’s newer “active equity” five-fund portfolio, which includes active ETFs that could offer higher potential returns, though with higher expense ratios.

The approach aims for comprehensive diversification while maintaining cost efficiency, in stark contrast to some robo-advisor strategies that may include significantly more funds, increasing complexity, and costs.

Vanguard Personal Advisor manages all your enrolled Vanguard accounts to align them with your financial objectives and risk tolerance. The service also considers any external, non-Vanguard accounts to provide a complete picture of your financial landscape, though these external accounts are not directly managed by Vanguard.

While it’s not mandatory to work directly with a financial advisor—since Vanguard can autonomously set up and manage your investments—it is highly recommended. This is especially true because Vanguard Personal Advisor, unlike the more streamlined Vanguard Digital Advisor, carries a higher fee due to its personalized services.

Additionally, Vanguard Personal Advisor employs tax minimization strategies as part of its investment management approach. For example, during portfolio rebalancing or asset sales, the service identifies opportunities for tax efficiency, such as selling assets at a loss to offset gains. This thoughtful strategy ensures that your investments are not only growing but also optimized for tax efficiency, helping to maximize your long-term returns.

Ways to Invest with Vanguard Personal Advisor Services

affiliates guarantee profits

Setting up a Vanguard taxable brokerage account is straightforward. When opening a new account online or over the phone, you will be asked to provide information about your investment time horizon, risk tolerance, other assets not held at Vanguard, and your overall investment goals. Once this information is gathered, the next step is to consult with a financial advisor who will guide you through creating a customized financial plan tailored to your needs. Please note that this process involves careful attention to detail and may take a couple of weeks to complete.

However, prospective investors should be aware of some limitations when it comes to Vanguard’s advisory services. Vanguard does not provide advice on assets or accounts held outside of its brokerage services. Additionally, Vanguard does not offer guidance on certain accounts such as UGMA/UTMA custodial accounts, ineligible 401(k) and 403(b) plans, and 529 education savings plans. In these cases, you may need to seek external advice or manage these accounts independently.

Vanguard High Net Worth Personal Advisor Fees and Costs

registered investment advisor

Vanguard Personal Advisor Services offers one of the most competitive fee structures, especially when compared to many competitors. The service is charged on a tiered annual advisory fee system based on assets under management:

  • Assets of less than $5 million incur fees of 0.30% annually.
  • Assets from $5 million to $10 million have a 0.20% fee each year.
  • Assets between $10 million and $25 million are charged a fee of 0.10% annually.
  • Assets exceeding $25 million are charged at a reduced rate of 0.05% per year.

In addition to advisory fees, there are charges related to the expense ratios of the funds in which you invest. These fees are relatively low, contributing to the overall effectiveness of keeping your investment costs in check.

Compared to other firms, Vanguard offers a more cost-effective advisory service. For instance, Betterment Premium provides unlimited access to financial advisors with a 0.40% advisory fee, requiring a minimum account balance of $100,000. Personal Capital charges a much higher fee of 0.89% with a minimum account balance of $100,000.

For investors seeking professional advice without the inflated costs often associated with personal investment management, Vanguard Personal Advisor Services stands out as an ideal and more affordable alternative.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the investment expense ratios associated with Vanguard’s high net worth wealth management services?
Vanguard is a leader in offering low expense ratios. Each individual fund prospectus provides detailed information about investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses, helping you understand the costs associated with the funds.

How do Vanguard’s investment expense ratios compare for high net worth clients, and how can these impact overall investment performance?
Vanguard’s lower expense ratios can significantly improve investment performance by reducing costs. For high net worth clients, even small percentage savings can result in large dollar amounts over time, ultimately enhancing overall investment growth.

What is the Vanguard National Trust Company, and how does it serve high-net-worth clients?
The Vanguard National Trust Company (VNTC) is a federally chartered, limited-purpose trust company within the Vanguard Group. VNTC offers estate planning, trust management, and succession planning services tailored to high-net-worth clients. Key services include serving as a professional trustee and managing assets to align with clients’ objectives.

How can a personal advisor from Vanguard assist high-net-worth clients?
Vanguard Personal Advisor provides integrated financial planning and investment management services, focusing on custom strategies for each client’s individual goals, risk profiles, and life stages. Advisors offer guidance on a wide range of financial decisions, including tax strategies, to optimize wealth management.

What wealth management services does Vanguard offer to high net worth individuals?
Vanguard offers a comprehensive suite of wealth management services for high net worth individuals, including investment management, financial planning, tax efficiency strategies, and legacy planning—all tailored to meet your specific financial needs and goals.

What should high net worth clients understand about objectives, risks, charges, and expenses in investment?
High net worth clients at Vanguard should be fully aware of their investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses, as these factors directly influence investment choices and strategies. Understanding these elements helps make informed decisions that align with personal financial goals and risk tolerance.

How are investment objectives, risks, and charges tailored for high-net-worth clients at Vanguard?
Vanguard customizes investment objectives and assesses risks based on the individual profiles of high net worth clients. Charges are structured to reflect the complexity of the portfolio and the personalized services provided, ensuring clients receive value aligned with their investment strategies.

What are the benefits of actively managed funds for high-net-worth clients at Vanguard?
Actively managed funds offer high net worth clients the advantage of a tailored investment strategy, managed by professional fund managers who can react dynamically to market changes. This approach may result in higher returns compared to passively managed funds.